BOOK OF RULES

VILLOWO® uses a One-Serve System. The Server has only one service attempt for each rally, with no second serve except when a Let is specifically declared under the Rules.

The Server must serve from the designated VILLOWO® Service Mark according to the Server's current score:

0 → Right | 10 → Left | 20 → Right | 30 → Left | 40 → Right
50 → Left | 60 → Right | 70 → Left | 80 → Right | 90 → Left | 100 → Right

The Server must maintain physical contact with the court surface while serving and may not jump, leap, hop or become airborne. A Service Fault immediately ends the rally and awards the rally to the opponent. 

After a legal service, the receiving Player or Team must return the ball before it bounces twice on their side of the court. 

Singles: The receiving player must stand completely outside the baseline when the server strikes the ball.

Doubles: Both receiving players must stand completely outside the baseline when the server strikes the ball. Neither receiving player may have any part of their body touching or inside the baseline at the moment the serve is made.

The return must pass over the Net and land within the appropriate playing area. A player may return the ball from outside the court, provided the return otherwise complies with the Rules.

The ball may touch the Net, Net Cord, Net Band or Net Post and still be a good return if it subsequently passes over the Net and lands in the correct court. VILLOWO RULES FINAL

VILLOWO® uses a unique 100-Point Game Point System.

Every rally won = 10 points.

The scoring sequence is:

10 → 20 → 30 → 40 → 50 → 60 → 70 → 80 → 90 → 100

Reaching 100 points creates GAME POINT. The next rally determines the Game.

If the Player or Team holding Game Point loses that rally, the score becomes 100–100 (DEUCE).

After Deuce, the Advantage System applies. A Player or Team must win two consecutive rallies after Deuce to win the Game.

A VILLOWO® match is normally Best of 3 Games, with the first Player or Team to win two Games winning the Match. VILLOWO RULES FINAL

VILLOWO® is played with an approved VILLOWO® Racket, a specialized solid-faced racket consisting of a Head and Handle.

The Racket must provide Power, Control, Precision, Speed and Consistency without any artificial mechanical or electronic assistance.

Key specifications include:

• Maximum total length: 47.5 cm
• Maximum Head width: 26 cm
• Maximum Head thickness: 38 mm
• Maximum Handle length: 22 cm
• Hole diameter: 9–13 mm in the central area
• Maximum wrist-cord length: 35 cm

A non-elastic safety wrist cord is mandatory during official play, and only approved VILLOWO® Rackets may be used in official competitions.

VILLOWO® uses an official VILLOWO® Ball, which is a spherical ball manufactured to approved technical specifications.

The principal specifications are:

• Diameter: 6.35–6.77 cm
• Weight: 56.0–59.4 g
• Internal pressure: 4.6–5.2 kg/cm²
• Rebound: 135–145 cm when dropped from 2.54 m
• Forward deformation: 0.56–0.74 cm
• Return deformation: 0.80–1.08 cm

The ball has a hollow rubber inner core with a uniform outer covering and must provide consistent performance throughout play. Only approved VILLOWO® Balls may be used in official competitions.

VILLOWO® is played on a standard tennis court, using the established tennis court dimensions and net, while applying the distinctive VILLOWO® playing rules, equipment, service system and scoring system.

The court measures:

Singles: 78 ft × 27 ft
Doubles: 78 ft × 36 ft

The Net is:

3 ft 6 in (1.07 m) at the posts
3 ft (0.914 m) at the centre

The Service Line is 21 ft (6.40 m) from the Net.

VILLOWO® also has distinctive 6-foot Service Marks on either side of the Centre Mark. The Server uses the Right Service Mark on even scores and the Left Service Mark on odd scores. VILLOWO RULES FINAL

A rally begins when a legal service is delivered and continues until the rally ends under the VILLOWO® Rules.

The ball remains in play until, for example:

• The ball lands outside the prescribed playing area.
• The ball fails to clear the Net.
• The ball bounces twice on the same side before being returned.
• A Player commits a Fault.
• A Player commits a hindrance or other violation.

A Player must return the ball using the VILLOWO® Racket. The ball may be struck before its first bounce or after one bounce, but a Player loses the rally if the ball bounces twice before being returned.

Basic principle: One legal service → Rally → Return → Rally continues until a Player wins or loses the rally.